在雅思閱讀備考中,長難句是考生認(rèn)為比較難的一個(gè)知識點(diǎn),不僅句子特別長,而且句型非常復(fù)雜,很難理解。今天小編為大家?guī)淼氖茄潘奸喿x考試長難句分析方法,希望能幫助到各位考生結(jié)合練習(xí),攻克雅思閱讀長難句的問題。

 首先,長句的閱讀最主要的是抓住句子的主干。我們說英文的句子主干包含了句子本身60%的信息,特別是對于我們不要求精確理解句子,不求甚解的情況下,主干的把握就更加重要了。因?yàn)?在讀的過程當(dāng)中我們并不知道這句話是否是我們所要定位的句子,所以,只要大致理解即可。

 那么,主干到底會出現(xiàn)在什么地方呢?一般來講,英文講究開門見山,句子的表達(dá)也不例外,重要的單詞,重要的信息一般放在句子最前面。也就是說,如果句子開頭即出現(xiàn)名詞,那么它90%以上就是句子的主語了。

 舉例如下:

 The unity that should characterize the strong system is developed by affording opportunity for diversity, which appears to be essential if education is to develop in consideration of the needs of children and youth.

 這句話一開頭就出現(xiàn)the unity 那么它就是句子的主語了,而且后面出現(xiàn)that這個(gè)信號詞,那就更加證明the unity主語的身份,因?yàn)橹挥兄鞲刹畔碛斜恍揎椀臋?quán)利。

 還有一種情況,那就是句子一開始也許出現(xiàn)的是形容詞或是其他的修飾的詞匯,那么我們一定要往后找到最終的那個(gè)名詞,找到了,就是句子的主語。比如:

 Popular illustrated magazines rapidly became an important and significant factor to the literate in Australia, who was forming our national image, as were the singers of ballads and strolling entertainers who were also making a major contribution.

 這句話一開始是由兩個(gè)形容詞開頭popular和illustrated,那么后面它們所修飾的名詞magazines就是句子的主語了。

 The convergence of these two growing trends--- dropping out and logging in--- exacerbates the serious consequences of a drop in political involvement and a rise in social isolation.

 這句話是由the convergence of these two growing trends 開頭,那么這整個(gè)名詞詞組就是主語,核心詞匯是convergence。

 主語不難找。當(dāng)主語找到之后接下來就是謂語動詞了。陳述句一般來說謂語動詞在主語之后,但是并不是每個(gè)主語后面的動詞都是謂語,因?yàn)橐痪湓捴骶渲^語動詞只有一個(gè)(除去并列的謂語動詞)。如果主語后面出現(xiàn)that,where,which,who,when,although等連詞連接的從句,則謂語動詞需要跳過一個(gè),找第二個(gè)。舉例如下:

 The unity that should characterize the strong system is developed by affording opportunity for diversity, which appears to be essential if education is to develop in consideration of the needs of children and youth.

 這句話上面提到過,the unity是主語,后面緊接著是that 因此,我們需要跳過一個(gè)動詞即從句動詞characterize,而去找第二個(gè)動詞is developed,而后者就是主句謂語了。

 第二種情況是如果主語后面出現(xiàn)逗號,一般需要找第二個(gè)逗號,緊隨第二個(gè)逗號后面的動詞一般就是謂語動詞了。舉例如下:

 The SETI institute, a Californian research foundation, managed to raise $ 16 million to fund Project Phoenix, which is using the Australia Telescope at Parks in New South Wales for its search.

 這句話the SETI institute作為主語,后面出現(xiàn)逗號,則需要跳過兩逗號之間的內(nèi)容,那么緊隨其后的managed就是謂語動詞了。

 主干中只要找到主謂就大功告成,賓語一般都是非常容易找的。

 下面給個(gè)更雷的,請大家分析它的主謂賓:

 The fact that programs in these languages, although made up largely of English words and some well-known mathematical symbols, are unintelligible to the lay reader indicates the gulf which still exists between the kind of verbal instructions which can be given to another human, and the coded instructions required by the computer.

 當(dāng)找到主謂之后,基本上閱讀這句長句的主要目的已經(jīng)達(dá)到,剩下的內(nèi)容那就要看我們高不高興看,愿不愿意看,和看不看的懂了。因?yàn)?除了主謂,剩下的內(nèi)容就是修飾,而豐富的修飾語向來都是長句必備的準(zhǔn)備給雅思考生的殺手锏。但是,這些內(nèi)容需要都看懂嗎?當(dāng)然不需要,甚至,很多時(shí)候根本不需要看。這就要看這句話和題目本身的聯(lián)系了。舉個(gè)例子:

 1. The unity that should characterize the strong system is developed by affording opportunity for diversity, which appears to be essential if education is to develop in consideration of the needs of children and youth.

 還是上面舉過的例子。除了主干the unity和is developed,剩下的比如用來修飾the unity的that should characterize the strong system,這個(gè)從句,我的要求是看你看的懂的詞匯,也就是說挑一些簡單的單詞來讀。這就要主動閱讀。在這句從句中,可以只是讀懂strong system就可以了。一般來說,大多數(shù)挑選的單詞都是具體的名詞為主。

 那么對于修飾語by affording opportunity for diversity, which appears to be essential if education is to develop in consideration of the needs of children and youth 來說,挑一些最簡單的單詞來大致讀懂語言。比如,opportunity, essential education, needs children and youth.只要把以上的單詞大致讀懂,那么這句話的內(nèi)容就非常清晰的展現(xiàn)在各位面前。

 再舉一例:

 Popular illustrated magazines rapidly became an important and significant factor to the literate in Australia, who was forming our national image, as were the singers of ballads and strolling entertainers who were also making a major contribution.

 這句話的主干是magazines became factor.修飾中可以去閱讀的是important, Australia, image, singer, contribution.剩下的不需要去閱讀,只有當(dāng)我們確定題目的定位點(diǎn)就是這句話的時(shí)候,才會去認(rèn)真的精讀每一個(gè)單詞!

 以上是小編為大家?guī)淼摹把潘奸喿x考試長難句分析方法”一文,雅思長難句學(xué)習(xí)是需要耐心和方法的,希望考生能在學(xué)習(xí)中不斷練習(xí)與總結(jié),這樣才能幫助我們更有把握拿到目標(biāo)成績。

廣州雅思英語學(xué)校成立于1999年,現(xiàn)任校長是有中國雅思“教父”之稱的中國社會科學(xué)院博士、中國雅思教育開拓者,資深留學(xué)教育專家萬昌明博士。廣州雅思英語學(xué)校是國內(nèi)最早的專業(yè)雅思學(xué)校之一,也是英語IELTS考試中文“雅思”命名的首創(chuàng)者之一。十九年來, 廣州雅思英語學(xué)校秉承“教育以學(xué)生為本,以質(zhì)量為先”辦學(xué)宗旨,堅(jiān)持“知識、激情、勵志”的教學(xué)理念,發(fā)展成為華南乃至中國最大的雅思學(xué)校之一。